It is the first of a homologous series of three dihydroxy alcohols discussed in this article. Ethylene glycol manufacture technology from ethylene. Niche applications of ethylene glycol include aircraft components, inks, automobile parts. Ethylene glycol water of 70%30% it would be necessary to determine the density of the ethylene glycol water mixture and water alone at that temperature. If a peak at the retention time for ethylene glycol is present in the sample solution, the peak response ratio rel sample solution. Like water, it consists of polar molecules and has already been suggested to be used as a solvent for ipmc 19. Monoethylene glycol ethylene glycol has low acute toxicity in experimental animals following oral, inhalation, or dermal exposure.
Nearly all ethylene glycol eg is made from ethylene oxide eo by thermal hydration. Options for the separation system include direct sequence, indirect sequence or dividing wall distillation column. Plus when it is mixed in the right proportions it detonates easier. Microsoft word mokon gtf ethylene glycol technical data author. The widespread use of ethylene glycol as an antifreeze is based on its ability to lower the freezing point when mixed with water. While there are many minor variations in the properties between eg and pg solutions, there are two key differences which usually. When ethylene oxide is processed further, it forms a sweet tasting colorless liquid called ethylene glycol monoethylene glycol meg.
Environmental applications techniques for optimizing gc. The reference density of water at this temperature is 62. The analysis of ethylene glycol in water is a very common test in environmental laboratories. Pdf thermophysical properties of ethylene glycolwater mixture. Kister equation, and the corresponding parameters are derived. Glycol ethers are a group of solvents based on alkyl ethers of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol commonly used in paints and cleaners. Engineering and operating guide for dowtherm sr1 and. Exploring polyethylene glycolpolyzwitterion diblock. Product safety assessment dow ethylene glycolbased low. Electrical conduction of the ethylene glycol when heated in the hv electric field to cite this article. The global ethylene glycols market demand was 16,511. Raw ethylene glycol is formed when ethylene oxide is hydrolyzed under pressure at ratio of 10. Ethylene glycol is also used in cosmetics, fat extractants, and as a chemical intermediate.
Possibility of hazardous reactions not established. A study on ip 2 c actuators using ethylene glycol or. Ethylene glycol eg or monoethylene glycol meg, the adduct of ethylene oxide eo and water, is the simplest glycol. In particular, regarding the solvents, ethylene glycol viscosity is about 16 times higher than that of water at room temperature, and has a greater molecular weight. Ethylene glycol is a clear, colorless, odorless, sweettasting liquid. At a given temperature p water p noctane as even though the water has hydrogen bonds, the noctane a 114 amu, weighting 6. Based on the chosen experimental data figure3, it is obvious that the addition of nanoparticles above 1 wt. The glycol feed stripper bottoms going to the glycol reactor is preheated and flows through a 24 pipe reactor 633 long. Dobson, institute of terrestrial ecology, natural environment research council, huntingdon, united kingdom please note that the layout and pagination of this pdf file are not identical to those of the printed cicad. Brazing paste component for joining carbon and stainless steel components.
The flashpoint temperature of rs 89a is between 230 and 240 f. Ethylene glycol material safety data sheet cas no 107. Ethylene glycol vii quick reference for health care providers toxicological profiles are a unique compilation of toxicological information on a given hazardous substance. Related content improvement of thermal properties of water and ethylene glycol by metallic and ceramic dispersion. Pdf physical properties of polyethylene glycol peg. Materials, alginatepoly ethylene glycol hybrid microspheres for primary. Therefore, they generally provide superior heat transfer efficiency and better low temperature performance and are preferred for most heat transfer applications. Their experimental results indicated that the viscosity of ethylene glycol water based nano.
The thermo physical properties such as thermal conductivity, viscosity, density and specific heat are measured using kd2 pro thermal properties analyser, capillary viscometer, electronic weighing balance and differential scanning calorimeter respectively. Mono ethylene glycol production capacity by region. Ethylene glycol eg is a colorless, odorless, bittersweettasting liquid that has many household and commercial uses. Explosive properties no data available t oxidizing properties no data available 9. These experts collectively have knowledge of ethylene glycols physical and chemical properties, toxicokinetics, key health end points, mechanisms of action, human and animal exposure, and quantification of risk to humans. Ethane diol 1,2 meg glycol dihydroxy ethane 1,2 ethylene glycol recommended use restrictions of use. Thermal conductivity, density, and viscosity of ethylene glycol water mixtures have been measured. Water and ethylene glycol both have two oh groups, but water is lighter, and so has a higher vapor pressure. They both have a high boiling point, low vapour pressure, excellent heat transfer abilities and the ability to depress the freezing point of water, but ethylene glycol is a slightly more effective freezing point depressant. Ethylene glycol is widely used as an industrial organic intermediate. The global production was dominated by asian countries which accounted for 15. Physical properties the chemical formula for ethylene glycol is c 2 h 6 o 2, and its molecular weight is 62.
The peak at mz 62 could represent the molecular ion of ethylene glycol. A glycol is an alcohol with two hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbon atoms a 1,2diol. Sometime around 2003 we started using ethylene glycol as the fuel. Indeed, owing to its unique properties and versatile commercial applications, a variety of chemical systems e. After a characteristic latent period, signs of inebriation may be followed by serious illness, and even death, caused by toxic metabolites. Ethylene glycol can be recovered from the natural gas and reused as an inhibitor after purification treatment that removes water and inorganic salts. They, therefore, have intermediate properties between alcohols, with a single hydroxyl group and glycerine with its three hydroxyl groups. Pdf in the present work, we report the thermophysical properties of ethylene. Epa has not classified ethylene glycol for carcinogenicity. The highest yields of ethylene glycol occur at acidic or neutral ph with a large excess of water. This information includes synonyms, chemical formula and structure, and identification numbers.
Ethylene glycol based fluids are less viscous than propylene glycol based fluids. The effluent from the glycol reactor goes to the evaporator section to remove the water. Its heatregulation properties are employed in air conditioning units and solar energy systems. Following ingestion, ethylene glycol is first hepatically metabolised to glycoaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase. Ethylene glycol is also used as antifreeze, dewatering, heat transfer and coolant agent, precursor to polymers, runaway deicing fluids and hydrate inhibitors. Meek, health canada, ottawa, canada published under the joint sponsorship of the united nations environment programme, the.
Plexiglass chemical resistance properties acrylic e 30 days of constant exposure with no damage. G little or no damage after 30 days of constant exposure to the reagent. Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol have similar physical properties and uses. The formation mechanism of colloidal spheres of zno. Specific heat, viscosity and specific weight of a water and ethylene glycol solution vary significantly with the percent of ethylene glycol and the temperature of the fluid. Solution and diffusion properties of cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, and cyclohexanone in poly ethylene glycol by inverse gas chromatography. Phosphinic compound 11 and cpa3 immunofluorescence in hela cells a confocal microscopy was used to detect expressed cpa3 in hela cells by immunostaining with anticpa3 antibody green color and the fluorescent probe 11 red. The method employed a singlestep derivitization using.
Water from the process of hydrolysis is evaporated from the mixture and reused. Tccs ethylene glycol meg is an organic compound widely used as an automotive antifreeze and the precursor to polymers. Human health aspects please note that the layout and pagination of this pdf file are not necessarily identical to the hard copy first draft prepared by r. Workplace exposure exposure can occur either in an ethylene glycol manufacturing or. Ethylene glycol ingestion results initially in cns effects. The latter was recently confirmed using a human whole blood model to evaluate the inflammatory. Analysis of ethylene glycol in wastewater by direct aqueous. A rapid analysis of plasmaserum ethylene and propylene. High aerosol concentrations may cause respiratory irritation. In the present work, we report the thermophysical properties of ethylene glycol and water mixture based silver nanofluids. Environmental aspects first draft prepared by dr s. Transport properties and heat transfer coefficients of zno.
Thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and density were experimentally measured in the temperature range from 283. In its pure form, it is an odorless, colorless, syrupy liquid. For ethylene glycol water methanol the freezing temperature is given by. Ethylene glycol is a toxic alcohol, meaning that although chemically it is similar to ethanol the active component of alcoholic beverages, it is much more poisonous if consumed. Pdf solution and diffusion properties of cyclohexane. Ethylene glycols technology robert fulton dye 3011 fairway drive, sugar land, tx 77478, usa abstract. Advice in this document relates only to product as originally supplied. Mar 12, 2016 in the present work, we report the thermophysical properties of ethylene glycol and water mixture based silver nanofluids.
A study on ip2c actuators using ethylene glycol or emitf. The reaction of the ethylene oxide and water to form ethylene glycol is a noncatalytic reaction. Information regarding the chemical identity of ethylene glycol is located in table 41. A comprehensive study of photorefractive properties in poly. Iktronjction a satisfactory analysis of liquidcoolod engine cooling data requires a knowledgo of the heattransfer propsrtios of the coolants used. Other derivative chemicals will have different properties and hazards. A comparison of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol heat. The use of meglobal ethylene glycol products meg, deg as a component of heat transfer fluids in systems where the heat transfer.
Because ethylene glycol is highly soluble in water, it is not easily concentrated by purge and trap. It is also used in hydraulic brake fluids and inks used in. Information regarding the physical and chemical properties of ethylene glycol is located in table 42. Thermophysical properties of ethylene glycolwater mixture. It has low vapor pressures at room temperature and, therefore, low potential for significant inhalation exposure. Persistence and degradability ethylene glycol 107211 persistence and degradability readily biodegradable. Propylene glycol dipropylene glycol1 tripropylene glycol1 propylene glycols glycols chemistry centers on the two hydroxyl oh groups that characterize them as glycols. Conclusion deaths due to ethylene glycol exposure were uncommon. A nonsacrificial method for the quantification of polyethylene glycol. Ethylene glycol heattransfer fluid engineering toolbox.
Such composites have in common that they allow one to combine and make use of the individual advantages of their constituents. Ethylene glycol is prominently used to manufacture polyester fiber, pet resins and films. A comparison of pegcrosslinked and peggrafted resins. This lesson goes over this substances properties, names, structures, and formula. About europe pmc funders joining europe pmc governance roadmap outreach. Assuming that parameter b remains constant, combining eqns. This assessment summarizes available information on the use, physicalchemical properties, toxicological effects, and exposure profile for ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether. Current management of ethylene glycol poisoning springerlink. Ethylene glycol based water solutions are common in heattransfer applications where the temperature in the heat transfer fluid can be below 32 o f 0 o c.
In this work the excess molar gibbs energy of binary mixtures of water with ethylene glycol, 1,2propanediol, 1,3propanediol or glycerol was calculated at 298. Kinetics of the reactions of ethylene oxide with water. Accidental or intentional acute ingestions in humans, however, have caused poisoning and death. As a solvent, it is found in inks, stains, pesticides, fire extinguishers, foams, polishes, and adhesives. This is cheap, safer to handle than nitromethane and alcohol and doesnt evaporate as fast. Ethylene glycol is used to make antifreeze and deicing solutions for cars, airplanes, and boats. In this work the excess molar gibbs energy of binary mixtures of water with ethylene glycol, 1,2propanediol, 1,3propanediol or glycerol was calculated. Mechanical properties and concentrations of polyethylene. Excess volumes ve, viscosity deviation, excess refraction. Its most common use is as an automotive antifreeze. These solvents typically have a higher boiling point, together with the favorable solvent properties of lowermolecular weight ethers and alcohols.
Engineering and operating guide for dowfrost and dowfrost hd. Based on the uses for ethylene glycolbased thermal fluids, the public could be exposed through. Properties differs so much from clean water that heat transfer systems with ethylene glycol should be calculated thoroughly for actual temperature and solution. Ethylene glycol manufacture technology free library. Ethylene glycol is not rapidly absorbed through skin. The grafting density of polyethylene glycol peg on.
Laboratorydata a series of laboratory experiments was performed at the nasa manned space craft center msc to determine the physical properties of rs 89a and its effects on. Glycoaldehyde is then oxidised to glycolic acid, glyoxylic acid and finally oxalic acid. Most corrosion from ethylene glycol is due to the decomposition to organic acids such as glycolic acid at higher temperatures. In1995,its production volume ranked it among one of the top twenty organic chemicals in the united states. Monoethylene glycol meg, also known as ethylene glycol eg or simply glycol, is a diol mostly used for the production of polyester fibers and polyethylene terephthalate pet resins.
Cragoe national bureau of standards for the coordinating besearch council. The relative heat transfer coefficients can be calculated using the following data. Alginatepolyethylene glycol hybrid microspheres for. Meg is the most widely used glycol in the global market. Nov 12, 2012 ethylene glycol, a common antifreeze, coolant and industrial solvent, is responsible for many instances of accidental and intentional poisoning annually. Tailoring nanocellulosecellulose triacetate interfaces by varying. May 01, 20 a rapid headspacegas chromatography hsgc method was developed for the analysis of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol in plasma and serum specimens using 1,3propanediol as the internal standard.
The combined companies offer customers around the world a broader product offering of chemical, plastic and agricultural products. Monoethylene glycol, diethylene and triethylene glycol are separated using their different boiling points under vacuum. Oct 03, 2007 describe the properties of ethylene glycol. Ethylene glycol, also called ethane1,2diol, the simplest member of the glycol family of organic compounds. Introduction this case study demonstrates the quanitative and qualitative information collected through application of the multidisciplinary life cycle framework suggested in the previous section of this document. Dynalene eg series dynalene offers the following four ethylene glycol based heat transfer fluids. Physical properties of polyethylene glycol peg based resins for combinatorial solid phase organic chemistry. For the chemical production subsystem, two options of ethylene glycol eg synthesis are ethylene oxide eo hydrolysis and the shells omega process. All dynalene ethylene glycol products can be blended to any concentration, sold as a concentrate, or customized based on the requirement of the customer dye, ph, inhibitor, packaging, etc. A study on ip2c actuators using ethylene glycol or emitf as. The thermo physical properties such as thermal conductivity, viscosity, density and specific heat are measured using kd2 pro thermal properties analyser, capillary viscometer, electronic weighing balance and differential scanning. Nov 30, 2018 ethylene glycol is a source of corrosion. Dow ethylene glycolbased low temperature thermal fluids are used in the production of industrial and consumer products.
Ethylene glycol is also commonly used in heating applications that temporarily may not be operated cold in surroundings with freezing conditions such as cars and machines with water cooled engines. The common name ethylene glycol literally means the glycol derived from ethylene. Ethylene glycols market size, share industry analysis. Ethylene glycol market analysis, market size, application. Asia holds a prominent share in the global market production of meg. Clinical features of reported ethylene glycol exposures in the. Ethylene glycol is widely used to inhibit the formation of natural gas clathrates hydrates in long multiphase pipelines that convey natural gas from remote gas fields to a gas processing facility. Propylene glycol, which is much less toxic than ethylene glycol, is metabolized to compounds that. F some effect after 7 days of constant exposure to the reagent. Mechanical properties and concentrations of polyethylene glycol in hydrogels and brushes direct the surface transport of staphylococcus aureus kristopher w. Ethylene glycol eg is a major industrial chemical used in engine coolants, deicing, the production of polyester fibers and films, and numerous other applications. Pdf volumetric properties of the waterethylene glycol. Ethylene glycol is toxic, and ingestion can result in death.
It is highly recommend that you seek the material safety datasheet for this chemical from a reliable source and follow its directions. The use of meglobal ethylene glycol products meg, deg in the production of deicers for use on roadways, sidewalks and in aircraft lavatories is not supported by meglobal. Many of these samples originate from water runoff at airports, where ethylene glycol is used as a deicing agent for airplanes during winter months. Ethylene glycol is used in many different applications, but its also famous for being a deadly poison. Aluminum alloy corrosion in the presence of ethylene glycol is presumed to be the result of acidic attack of these acids. Thermal, conductivity, density, viscosity, and prandtl. Ethylene glycol safety data sheet according to federal register vol. Ethylene is a natural product produced by many plants.
The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. The world meg production capacity for the year 2016 was 34. Solutions of both ethylene glycol eg and propylene glycol pg will effectively lower the freezing point of water and for most applications can be used interchangeably or even as mixtures of the two. Electrical conduction of the ethylene glycol when heated. Safety data sheet northwest missouri state university. It is also used in antifreeze applications and in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Ethylene glycol eg is an important organic compound and chemical intermediate used in a large number of industrial processes e. Ethylene glycol is produced from ethylene, via the intermediate ethylene oxide. However, in applications where toxicity is a concern. We used the polyethylene glycoldimethacrylate average mn 550 as a. Viscosity prediction of different ethylene glycolwater. Each profile reflects a comprehensive and extensive evaluation, summary, and interpretation of available toxicologic and epidemiologic information on a substance. Ethylene glycol is a synthetic liquid substance that absorbs water.
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